Understanding Shotgun Shell Basics
Shotgun Shell Components
A typical shotgun shell comprises several key components. First, there’s the primer, a small, explosive component that initiates the firing process when struck by the firing pin. The primer ignites the propellant, which is typically gunpowder. This rapid combustion creates expanding gases that propel the shot (the collection of pellets) or slug down the barrel. The shot is contained within a plastic wad, which serves several purposes: it helps seal the bore to maximize gas pressure, protects the barrel from direct contact with the shot, and aids in the shot’s pattern upon exiting the muzzle. The entire assembly is encased within a shell casing, traditionally made from paper but now typically plastic.
Shotgun Gauges
Shotgun gauges, a confusing but important aspect, are a historical measurement. Gauge refers to the diameter of the bore, indirectly linked to the *Remington 870 shell size*. The gauge is derived from the number of lead balls, each the diameter of the bore, required to make up one pound. For instance, a 12-gauge shotgun means that 12 lead balls, each fitting the bore, would weigh a pound. Therefore, a smaller gauge, like 20-gauge, indicates a smaller bore size, and subsequently, a smaller shell size. The .410 bore is an exception, measured in inches, not gauge.
Shell Length
Shell length is another critical consideration. This measurement describes the overall length of the shell *after* it has been fired and the crimp has opened. The unfired shell is actually slightly shorter. Compatibility between the shell length and the shotgun’s chamber is paramount for safety. Using a shell that is too long can cause catastrophic failures.
Common Shells for the Remington 870
The Remington 870’s design and widespread popularity mean it is available in a range of gauges. However, the most common *Remington 870 shell size* considerations primarily revolve around the 12-gauge and 20-gauge versions.
12-Gauge Shells
12-Gauge Shells represent the workhorse caliber for the 870. Due to the greater bore, it is frequently favored for hunting larger game, as well as for home defense applications.
Shells with a length of two and three-quarter inches are the most frequently encountered. These offer a balance of shot capacity and manageable recoil. They’re well-suited for a variety of uses, including target shooting at clays, small game hunting (such as rabbits or squirrels), and defensive purposes. The versatility of the 2 3/4″ shell makes it a solid choice for most 870 owners.
Three-inch shells provide a significant increase in shot capacity. This makes them more effective for larger game birds (like geese or turkeys), as well as larger predators and offers a more concentrated shot pattern at longer ranges. Recoil is noticeably more pronounced than with 2 3/4″ shells, so it is a relevant factor to consider.
If your specific Remington 870 model is chambered for it, three and a half-inch shells offer the highest shot capacity available in the 12-gauge format. Generally, these are dedicated towards waterfowl hunting and are less common. Their intense recoil makes them less appropriate for inexperienced shooters and self-defense scenarios. *Always verify your shotgun’s chamber length before using this type of shell.*
20-Gauge Shells
The 20-Gauge 870 is a popular alternative to the 12-gauge, favored by those seeking less recoil or a lighter overall firearm.
Shells with a length of two and three-quarter inches are also common in the 20 gauge, offering a manageable balance of performance and recoil, excellent for small game hunting.
The three-inch 20-gauge shells give a boost in shot capacity, suitable for hunters chasing larger game, especially at greater distances.
Shell Size Considerations Beyond Gauge and Length
Several additional factors impact *Remington 870 shell size* compatibility and safety.
Receiver and Barrel Compatibility
Compatibility with the receiver and barrel length is extremely crucial. The receiver is the core of the shotgun, housing the firing mechanism and the chamber. The barrel length also influences the shell’s effectiveness. A longer barrel can potentially improve shot patterns and velocity.
Model Specifics
Specific models of the Remington 870 can have different limitations. The age, the year the weapon was produced, and the model of your shotgun will determine what is considered safe. Older models, or those specially made for specific purposes, might only safely accept 2 3/4-inch shells. Always check the markings on your barrel and refer to the owner’s manual to confirm the correct *Remington 870 shell size* for your gun.
Barrel and Choke Restrictions
Barrel and choke restrictions are equally crucial. The choke is the constriction at the muzzle of the barrel. Chokes affect the shot pattern; more constricted chokes produce tighter patterns, which is advantageous for longer-range shooting. Using the incorrect shell type with a particular choke can cause damage to the barrel and affect the shot patterns. For instance, using steel shot in a choke that is not rated for steel can cause the choke to be damaged.
Selecting the Ideal Shell Size for Your Needs
Choosing the right *Remington 870 shell size* is not simply a matter of selecting the biggest shell that fits. It requires thoughtful consideration based on your intended use, game, and local regulations.
Intended Use
If your primary focus is target shooting, 2 3/4-inch shells are usually a perfect option. For hunting, consider the type of game you’re pursuing. Smaller game generally require lighter loads, whereas bigger game requires larger shells.
Legal Regulations
Understand local regulations. Some areas limit the shell size or shot size allowed for hunting certain species. Be aware of all relevant regulations to ensure legal and ethical hunting practices.
Personal Preferences
Personal preferences also play a role. Recoil is a significant factor for many shooters. If you are new to shotguns or recoil-sensitive, opting for lighter loads, such as 2 3/4-inch shells, might be beneficial.
Prioritizing Safe Practices
Safety must always be the top priority. Always load your shotgun only when you’re ready to use it. After you are finished, unload it promptly.
Before loading any shell, always carefully inspect the barrel and chamber to ensure they’re clear of obstructions. Any blockage, like a wad or debris, can be dangerous.
Always follow the manufacturer’s recommendations. Each firearm is designed with specific ammunition in mind.
Proper handling and storage of ammunition is vital. Keep ammunition stored in a cool, dry place, away from children.
Always wear eye and ear protection whenever you are shooting a shotgun.
Remington 870 Model Variations and Shell Compatibility
The Remington 870 has seen a wide range of models and variations over its production lifetime. These can influence the *Remington 870 shell size* compatibility.
Popular Models
The Wingmaster is the classic, time-tested version. It’s known for its high-quality construction and smooth action. Express models are often more budget-friendly versions, and they can be chambered for different shell lengths, so confirming is required. The Marine Magnum is built to resist corrosion. These models usually have specific requirements.
Checking Your Manual
Always consult your owner’s manual to confirm the exact specifications for your model. The manual should clearly state the maximum shell length your shotgun can safely handle.
Barrel Markings
To determine the maximum shell length for your particular 870, examine the markings on the barrel. Most barrels clearly indicate the chamber length, such as “2 3/4” or “3” or “3 1/2.”
Finding Your Ammunition
A wide variety of ammunition is available at most gun stores, sporting goods retailers, and online stores. Look for reputable brands known for producing high-quality ammunition.
In Conclusion
Mastering the correct *Remington 870 shell size* is essential for ensuring the safety, performance, and longevity of your shotgun. By understanding shell components, gauge, length, and your model’s specific requirements, you’re empowered to make informed decisions and enjoy your shooting experience responsibly.
Remember that safety is paramount. Always exercise caution when handling firearms, and always adhere to local and national regulations.
For continued learning, consult your owner’s manual and consider enrolling in a reputable firearms safety course or seeking guidance from experienced shooters. This will significantly enhance your proficiency and confidence.
