Understanding the Significance of Choke Tubes
The iconic Remington 870 shotgun, a name synonymous with reliability and versatility, has earned its place as a cornerstone in the world of firearms. Its rugged construction, ease of use, and adaptability have made it a favorite among hunters, sport shooters, and those seeking home defense solutions. But the 870’s true potential unfolds when paired with the right accessories, and central to this is the use of choke tubes. This article delves into the world of Remington 870 choke tubes, providing a comprehensive guide to understanding, selecting, and utilizing them for optimal performance and customization.
At the heart of a shotgun’s effectiveness lies its ability to deliver a pattern of shot. Unlike rifles that fire a single projectile, shotguns disperse a multitude of small pellets. The pattern of these pellets determines the range and density of the shot, directly impacting accuracy and effectiveness. Choke tubes are the unsung heroes responsible for shaping this crucial pattern.
So, what precisely *is* a choke tube? In essence, it’s a constricted section at the end of the shotgun barrel. This constriction regulates the spread of the shot as it exits the barrel. Imagine a funnel; the tighter the funnel’s opening, the more concentrated the flow. Similarly, a tighter choke tube concentrates the shot, resulting in a denser, more compact pattern, while a wider choke tube allows for a more dispersed pattern.
Why are choke tubes so vital? Primarily, they allow shooters to tailor their shotgun’s performance to different scenarios. Think about hunting various game, from fast-flying birds to stationary targets like turkeys, or engaging targets at varying ranges. Choke tubes give you the power to optimize the pattern for each specific application, dramatically improving your chances of a successful and ethical shot. They significantly increase the effective range of your shotgun as well.
Understanding the physical composition is also helpful. A choke tube is threaded into the muzzle end of the barrel, usually secured in place by a threaded connection. The constriction is created within this tube and is defined by the degree of internal diameter reduction. Typically, the choke tube has markings (e.g., “CYL,” “IC,” “MOD,” “FULL”) denoting the level of constriction.
The Benefits of a Choke Tube
Using choke tubes brings a multitude of advantages.
Pattern Optimization
This is the most significant benefit. You can tailor the shot pattern to match the range and type of target, maximizing your chances of a clean kill or a successful hit. A tighter choke is best for longer distances, while a more open choke is suited for shorter ranges.
Accuracy Enhancement
By controlling the spread, choke tubes contribute to better accuracy. A well-matched choke tube allows for consistent shot placement, improving your overall shooting skill.
Versatility Amplification
Whether you’re targeting clays at the range, hunting waterfowl in a marsh, or keeping your home secure, a set of choke tubes transforms the 870 into a more adaptable firearm, ready to handle a wide array of challenges.
Range Extension
A tighter choke tube allows your shots to travel further with greater accuracy, effectively extending the range at which you can reliably hit your targets.
Navigating the World of Choke Tube Types
The world of Remington 870 choke tubes can appear confusing at first, but understanding the different types is key to making informed choices.
From the factory, the Remington 870 typically comes with a selection of choke tubes that offer a good starting point for various activities.
Cylinder
This choke has the least constriction, offering a very wide pattern. It is ideal for skeet shooting or close-range targets.
Improved Cylinder
Slightly more constricted than a cylinder, the improved cylinder is a versatile option suitable for general field use, sporting clays, or other targets at short to medium ranges.
Modified
A popular choice for a balance of pattern and range, the modified choke is suitable for medium-range targets, such as upland birds.
Full
The tightest of the factory chokes, the full choke provides a dense pattern, maximizing range and is ideal for long-distance hunting and trap shooting.
Beyond the standard factory offerings, a thriving aftermarket for choke tubes exists. This allows you to further customize your Remington 870 to your exact needs. Aftermarket tubes are manufactured with different materials, designs, and levels of constriction, providing patterns tailored for very specific purposes. Brands like Briley, Carlson’s, and Trulock are well-respected manufacturers offering a wide selection. You can discover specialty chokes designed for steel shot, slugs, or even specific shooting disciplines like skeet or trap.
Here are some of the most common aftermarket choke types you’ll encounter:
Skeet
Designed for fast-moving targets at close range, such as those in skeet shooting. Provides a very wide pattern.
Improved Cylinder
Like its factory counterpart, it’s great for general-purpose shooting at short to medium ranges.
Modified
A good compromise, suitable for medium-range targets, often used in hunting and clay shooting.
Full
Tightest constriction, excellent for long-range shooting, particularly hunting at longer distances.
Extra Full/Turkey
Designed for the tightest possible patterns at long ranges, often used for turkey hunting.
Specialized Chokes
Often designed for particular types of shooting, these include chokes optimized for steel shot, slugs, or specific competitive disciplines.
Selecting the Correct Choke Tube
Choosing the right choke tube is crucial to the overall performance.
The primary factor is the target. A fast-flying bird, such as a dove, requires a different choke than a stationary target like a turkey. Consider the typical distance you will be shooting at different types of targets.
Close-Range Targets
Use a more open choke, like Cylinder or Improved Cylinder.
Medium-Range Targets
Modified chokes are a good option.
Long-Range Targets
Full or even Extra Full chokes will give the best results.
The ammunition used is another critical consideration. Some choke tubes are only compatible with certain types of shot. Always check the choke tube’s markings and specifications to ensure it is compatible with your ammunition type (lead, steel, etc.). It’s important to note that some newer choke tubes are designed for use with steel shot, while others are not, so always read the manufacturer’s recommendations. Using the wrong choke tube for a given type of shot can lead to damage to the choke tube or the barrel itself.
Patterning your shotgun is the most important step to optimizing its performance. Patterning involves shooting at a large target (often a large piece of paper) at a set distance (typically 30-40 yards) to see how the shot is dispersed. By observing the pattern, you can determine whether a particular choke tube and ammunition combination is producing the desired pattern and point of impact.
To pattern your shotgun, follow these steps:
Safety First
Ensure the firearm is unloaded and pointed in a safe direction at all times.
Target Setup
Place a large target, such as butcher paper, at your chosen distance.
Aim and Fire
Aim at the center of the target and fire a single shot.
Observe the Pattern
Examine the shot pattern, noting the density and spread of the pellets. Is the pattern evenly distributed? Is the point of impact where you expected? Repeat this process several times with different chokes and ammunition to find the best combination for your needs.
Installing and Maintaining Choke Tubes
Installing and maintaining choke tubes is straightforward but requires attention to detail.
Always verify that your Remington 870 is unloaded before you work on it.
Here’s how to install a choke tube:
Remove the Existing Choke
Using a choke tube wrench (specific to the type of choke tubes on your gun), unscrew the existing choke tube.
Clean the Threads
Clean the threads on the barrel and the new choke tube with a soft cloth.
Apply Lubricant
Apply a small amount of choke tube grease (specifically designed for this purpose) to the threads of the new choke tube. This helps prevent the tube from seizing in the barrel.
Install the New Choke Tube
Screw the new choke tube into the barrel by hand until snug.
Tighten Properly
Use the choke tube wrench to tighten the tube, but avoid over-tightening.
Regular care and maintenance are essential to keep your choke tubes in good working order. After each shooting session, inspect your choke tubes for any signs of damage, such as dents or cracks. The most important step is keeping them clean to prevent the buildup of plastic wad residue, lead, and debris.
Use a suitable cleaning rod with a brass brush designed for shotguns. If the tube is excessively dirty, you can use a specialized choke tube cleaner. After cleaning, reapply a small amount of choke tube grease to the threads before reinstalling.
Addressing Potential Issues
Even with careful selection and maintenance, problems can arise.
If your shot pattern isn’t what you expected, consider these possible causes:
Incorrect Choke Tube
The most common cause. Make sure you are using the right choke tube for the range and target.
Ammunition Mismatch
Verify that the choke tube is compatible with the ammunition you are using.
Shooting Technique
Ensure that your shooting technique is consistent.
Occasionally, choke tubes can become stuck. If this happens, try the following:
Penetrating Oil
Apply a penetrating oil to the threads and let it sit for a while.
Proper Wrench
Make sure you’re using the correct choke tube wrench and that it fits the tube snugly.
Careful Application of Force
Avoid excessive force, as this could damage the barrel or the choke tube.
Finally, always confirm the compatibility between your ammunition and the choke tubes.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I use any choke tube in my Remington 870?
No. Remington 870 shotguns use a specific thread pattern. Ensure the choke tubes you purchase are designed for the Remington 870.
How do I know which choke is which?
The choke tube should be marked with an identifier: Cylinder, Improved Cylinder, Modified, Full, or similar. Check the markings.
What choke tube should I use for a specific game or sport?
This depends on the range and type of target. Generally, skeet shooting uses more open chokes, while trap shooting and longer-range hunting may require tighter chokes.
What about extended vs. flush-mounted chokes?
Extended chokes protrude from the end of the barrel, making them easier to change and sometimes improving patterns. Flush-mounted chokes sit flush with the barrel and are more aesthetically appealing. Both can perform well; it’s a matter of preference.
How often should I clean my choke tubes?
Clean your choke tubes after each shooting session or more frequently if you notice significant buildup.
In Conclusion
Mastering the art of Remington 870 choke tubes is crucial to unlocking the full potential of your shotgun. By understanding the different types, carefully selecting the right choke for your needs, and practicing proper installation and maintenance, you’ll significantly enhance your performance. Experimenting with various choke tube and ammunition combinations will allow you to optimize your setup and experience the true versatility of this legendary firearm.
Now get out there, pattern your shotgun, and discover the perfect combination for your shooting style!
