Understanding the 460 S&W Cartridge: A Foundation of Knowledge
To effectively reload for the 460 S&W, a solid understanding of the cartridge itself is paramount. Born from the desire for even greater performance than the already impressive 454 Casull, the 460 S&W Magnum hit the market in the early 2000s. Designed for maximum versatility, the cartridge can safely fire bullets that are typically between 200 to 400 grains, offering a wide range of options for different applications.
Let’s examine some core specifications of the 460 S&W:
The cartridge case is, of course, the heart of the operation. The 460 S&W uses a long and sturdy case to house the substantial powder charge needed to propel those heavy bullets at high velocities. The case’s volume is a crucial consideration when selecting powders and determining safe load data.
Bullet selection plays an enormous role in a successful reload. The 460 S&W is compatible with various bullet weights and designs, enabling you to customize your loads for hunting, target shooting, or self-defense. Common bullet types include full metal jackets, jacketed hollow points, soft points, and solid copper bullets. Each offers different characteristics and is best suited for particular applications. Heavier bullets generally offer superior penetration, while lighter bullets may achieve flatter trajectories.
Large Rifle primers are the standard for the 460 S&W. These primers provide the necessary ignition for the significant powder charges typically used. Make sure you’re using the correct primer size and type specified in your chosen reloading manual.
Finding the right powder is key. Slow-burning powders are ideal for the 460 S&W, as they allow the powder to completely combust within the case, maximizing velocity and minimizing pressure spikes. Common powders for the 460 S&W include H110/W296, Lil’Gun, and Hodgdon 2400. However, always refer to your reloading manual for specific recommendations and load data for your chosen bullet and powder combination.
The applications for the 460 S&W are diverse. Its power and relatively flat trajectory make it a highly capable hunting cartridge, particularly for larger game at moderate ranges. It is also popular for long-range target shooting and offers substantial stopping power for personal defense.
Essential Reloading Gear for 460 S&W: Building Your Workshop
Successfully reloading 460 S&W bullets demands the right equipment. Investing in quality tools upfront will enhance accuracy, safety, and the overall enjoyment of the reloading process.
Reloading Presses: The heart of your reloading setup is the press. While a single-stage press works perfectly well for 460 S&W, many reloaders prefer a progressive press. Single-stage presses require you to perform each step of the reloading process individually, while a progressive press allows you to perform multiple steps simultaneously, significantly increasing efficiency. Progressive presses offer speed, which can be valuable if you plan on reloading large quantities of ammunition. The type of press you choose, however, boils down to your individual needs, budget, and the volume of ammunition you anticipate reloading.
Reloading Dies: Dies shape the brass and are essential for creating ammunition. A typical die set for 460 S&W includes the following:
Sizing Die: The sizing die resizes the fired brass, ensuring it meets the correct dimensions and accepts the new bullet.
Expanding Die: The expanding die flares the case mouth to allow easy bullet seating.
Seating Die: This die seats the bullet to the correct depth.
Crimping Die: Crimping is critically important for the 460 S&W, helping to secure the bullet in the case and maintain consistent ignition and pressure.
Powder Scale: Accurate powder measurement is non-negotiable. Choose either a digital scale, which offers ease of use and precise readings, or a beam scale, which is also highly accurate. Both options, if calibrated correctly, provide reliable and repeatable measurements, essential for safety and performance.
Powder Dispenser: A powder dispenser is designed to measure and dispense powder charges. Manual dispensers are often more affordable, while automatic dispensers offer increased speed and precision. The choice is based on your personal preference and budget.
Case Trimmer: A case trimmer is used to ensure all cases are the same length. Consistent case length contributes to consistent performance and accuracy.
Primer Pocket Cleaning Tool: This tool removes debris from the primer pocket, ensuring proper primer seating and ignition.
Calipers: Calipers are essential for measuring case dimensions, bullet seating depth, and overall cartridge length. Precise measurements are essential for consistent results and safe operation.
Safety Glasses and Protective Gear: Safety must always be the top priority! Wear safety glasses to protect your eyes from flying debris, and consider wearing gloves and a dust mask to protect your hands and lungs.
Preparing Your Brass: The Foundation of Quality Loads
Brass preparation is a crucial step in the reloading process, setting the stage for consistent and accurate rounds.
Case Inspection: Before you begin, carefully inspect your brass for any damage, such as cracks, dents, or bulges. Discard any cases that show signs of wear or damage. Inspect the case head for wear and tear.
Cleaning the Brass: Clean brass is essential for optimal performance. You can clean your brass using a tumbler or an ultrasonic cleaner. Tumbling removes dirt and grime from the exterior of the cases. Ultrasonic cleaning is a more thorough method that cleans both the exterior and interior of the cases.
Sizing and Priming: Use the sizing die to resize the brass and ensure it is the correct dimensions. During this process, the spent primer is removed from the case. Then, use a priming tool to seat the new primer.
Trimming: Trim the cases to the correct length. Consistent case length is critical for accuracy and consistent chambering.
Deburring and Chamfering the Case Mouth: Deburring removes any burrs from the case mouth created during trimming. Chamfering creates a slight bevel on the case mouth, making it easier to seat the bullet.
Cleaning Primer Pockets: Clean primer pockets ensure that the new primers seat properly, allowing for reliable ignition.
Bullet Selection and Preparation: Choosing Your Projectiles
Selecting the right bullets for your 460 S&W loads is crucial to achieving your desired results.
Bullet Weight and Type: The 460 S&W is a versatile cartridge, and you can choose bullet weights ranging from around 200 to over 400 grains. Heavier bullets typically offer deeper penetration, while lighter bullets generally have flatter trajectories. Consider the intended application when choosing your bullet weight. For hunting, consider bullets that offer sufficient expansion and penetration for the game you are targeting. For target shooting, you might prioritize accuracy and a flatter trajectory.
Bullet Construction: The construction of your bullet impacts its performance. Common bullet types include:
Full Metal Jacket (FMJ): Reliable all-around bullets, good for target shooting and practice.
Jacketed Hollow Point (JHP): Designed to expand upon impact, good for hunting and self-defense.
Soft Point (SP): Another hunting bullet, offering controlled expansion.
Solid Copper: Great for deep penetration, ideal for hunting tough game.
Seating Depth: The bullet seating depth is critical for accuracy and pressure. The seating depth is the distance from the bullet’s tip to the case’s mouth. Consult your reloading manual for recommended seating depths for your chosen bullet. Experiment with different seating depths to find the optimal depth for your firearm.
Crimping: Crimping is vital for 460 S&W loads. A firm roll crimp helps ensure the bullet is held securely in the case, aids in consistent ignition, and aids in controlling the powder burn. Adjust the crimp until it’s just enough to hold the bullet firmly in place without deforming it excessively.
Powder Selection and Loading Data: The Heart of the Load
Choosing the right powder and following safe loading practices are crucial for achieving optimal performance and safety.
Powder Types: As mentioned earlier, slow-burning powders work well with the 460 S&W. Common powders include H110/W296, Lil’Gun, and Hodgdon 2400. Always consult your reloading manual for specific powder recommendations.
Sourcing Reliable Load Data: Your reloading manual is your most valuable resource. Always use load data from a reputable reloading manual or reliable online source. Always cross-reference data between multiple sources if possible.
Loading Process: Follow these steps carefully when loading your 460 S&W rounds:
Measuring Powder Charges: Use a calibrated powder scale to accurately measure each powder charge.
Seating the Bullet: Carefully seat the bullet to the recommended seating depth.
Crimping: Apply a firm roll crimp to the case mouth.
Checking the Finished Round: Inspect each completed round for any defects, such as bulged cases or incorrect overall cartridge length.
Safety First: Essential Reloading Precautions
Safety is the most important consideration when reloading. Always follow these safety precautions:
Follow Load Data Precisely: Never exceed the maximum recommended powder charge listed in your reloading manual.
Avoid Over-Pressure: Be alert for signs of overpressure, such as flattened primers, difficult bolt extraction, or excessive recoil.
Proper Handling and Storage: Store powders and primers in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and any potential ignition sources.
Protective Gear: Always wear safety glasses and other appropriate protective gear.
Inspecting Finished Rounds: Carefully inspect each completed round before firing it.
Testing and Fine-Tuning Your Loads: Achieving the Perfect Load
Once you’ve loaded your rounds, the work isn’t quite finished. Testing and refinement are key to maximizing your 460 S&W performance.
Chronographing Loads: Use a chronograph to measure the velocity of your loads. This data helps you assess performance and compare your results to the load data in your manual.
Target Shooting: Conduct target shooting sessions to evaluate the accuracy and consistency of your loads.
Adjusting Loads: Fine-tuning your loads can improve accuracy and performance. You can adjust the powder charge slightly, experiment with bullet seating depth, or adjust the crimp to optimize your results.
Documenting Reloading Data: Keep detailed records of your reloading data, including the powder charge, bullet type, seating depth, and other relevant information. This data will help you repeat your successful loads and identify any issues.
Common Issues and Troubleshooting: Addressing Challenges
Even experienced reloaders encounter problems. Here are some common issues and troubleshooting tips:
Case Sticking in the Die: This can be caused by insufficient lubrication, incorrect die adjustment, or a dirty die. Clean and lubricate your dies, and ensure they are properly adjusted.
Primer Issues: Misfires or inconsistent ignition can result from improper primer seating, contaminated primer pockets, or faulty primers. Ensure primers are seated correctly and that primer pockets are clean.
Bullet Setback: Bullet setback occurs when the bullet moves deeper into the case during handling or firing. Ensure a good crimp to prevent this.
High Pressure Signs: Flattened primers, difficult bolt extraction, and excessive recoil are signs of high pressure. Reduce the powder charge and consult your reloading manual.
Reloading 460 S&W Bullets: A Rewarding Pursuit
Reloading for the 460 S&W is an engaging and rewarding pursuit. It empowers you to create ammunition specifically tailored to your needs, providing exceptional performance and cost savings. Remember to prioritize safety, pay close attention to detail, and always consult reliable sources for load data. With dedication and practice, you can master the art of reloading and enjoy the full potential of this powerful cartridge. Enjoy the power and precision that reloading provides.
