Understanding the Essential Tool
A Full Length Sizing Die is a precision-made tool, typically constructed of hardened steel, that is used in the reloading process to reshape the fired brass cartridge case back to its original factory specifications. This is achieved by forcing the case through a die that is slightly smaller than the original dimensions. The die’s interior profile precisely mirrors the chamber of a firearm, ensuring that the resized case will reliably chamber and function correctly. Unlike other types of dies, like neck sizing dies, the Full Length Sizing Die works on the entire case body.
Compared to Neck Sizing and Other Die Types
When considering dies, you’ll often hear about neck sizing dies and bushing dies. Neck sizing dies, as the name suggests, only resize the neck of the cartridge case. They are often preferred by benchrest shooters, where the brass has been fired in a single firearm and accuracy is paramount. Neck sizing preserves the alignment between the case and the bullet. Bushing dies use interchangeable bushings to resize the neck, offering a precise level of control. The Full Length Sizing Die differs significantly. It’s designed to resize the entire body of the case, a feature that is essential in certain situations.
The Advantages of Total Resizing
Why use a die that works on the entire case? The benefits are substantial, particularly when reloading for rifles and firearms where reliability and safety are paramount.
Ensuring Proper Chambering
Firstly, and perhaps most importantly, the Full Length Sizing Die ensures proper chambering in any firearm. This is particularly crucial when reloading for semi-automatic rifles or firearms that have tight chamber tolerances. The full-length resizing process guarantees that the case will fit the chamber, regardless of which firearm it was originally fired in.
Improving Reliability
Secondly, it significantly improves reliability. Firearms that are not resized properly may encounter problems chambering, extraction, or even firing, resulting in malfunctions. By resizing the entire case, these issues are greatly reduced.
Enhancing Safety
Thirdly, the Full Length Sizing Die enhances safety. As the case is forced through the die, any bulges, imperfections, or minor defects caused by firing are corrected. This reduces the risk of a case failure during firing, safeguarding both the shooter and the firearm.
Ideal for Mixed Brass
Finally, this type of die is ideal when dealing with mixed brass. If you’re collecting brass from various sources or reloading for multiple firearms, the Full Length Sizing Die is almost a necessity. It will normalize the brass dimensions, ensuring consistency and proper function.
Understanding the Components
The Full Length Sizing Die consists of several crucial components, each playing a specific role in the resizing process.
The Die Body
The core is the body of the die. This sturdy exterior houses the working mechanisms and mounts to the reloading press. The body is typically made from durable steel.
The Sizing Button/Expander
Inside, you’ll find the sizing button or expander. This component, often shaped like a mandrel, is drawn through the case neck. Its purpose is to resize the neck to accept the bullet, expand the neck and prepare it for seating.
The Decapping Pin
A decapping pin is another essential component. As the case is drawn through the die, the decapping pin knocks out the spent primer, preparing the case for the new primer.
The Lock Ring
A lock ring secures the die in the reloading press. It allows you to adjust the die’s depth and lock it in place, maintaining consistent sizing across numerous reloading sessions.
Case Holder
Some dies feature an adjustable case holder or shell holder, making it easier to position the case correctly. While not present in all designs, it helps align the case with the die’s opening for smoother resizing.
A Practical Guide to Usage
Using the Full Length Sizing Die effectively involves a systematic approach to ensure the best results.
Preparation
Before starting, clean and inspect your cases. Removing any debris or dirt ensures the resizing process goes smoothly. Inspect the cases for any signs of damage, such as cracks or bulges. Damaged cases should be discarded.
Mounting the Die
Mount the die into your reloading press, following the manufacturer’s instructions. Properly setting the die ensures it is positioned correctly, and resizing happens as designed.
Lubrication
Proper lubrication is critical for smooth operation and prevents the case from sticking inside the die. Apply case lube to the cases according to the manufacturer’s instructions. There are various types of case lubricants: spray lubricants, lube pads, and wipes. Choose a lube and method that works best for you. The key is complete coverage, ensuring the case slides easily through the die.
Sizing the Case
Now, you will proceed with sizing the case. Place the case in the shell holder and raise it into the die. Slowly lower the handle of the press. Feel for resistance. The goal is to push the case all the way into the die, resizing the entire body. Stop just before the shell holder touches the bottom of the die, ensuring the case is fully resized.
Decapping
The die’s decapping pin knocks out the spent primer during the resizing process.
Checking Dimensions
After sizing, check the resized case for its dimensions. You can use a case gauge or calipers to measure overall length and diameter.
Cleaning
Finally, be sure to remove the case lube. It’s necessary during the resizing process but can be detrimental in subsequent steps. Cleaning products are available to remove lube completely.
Addressing Common Challenges
Even with the right techniques, reloading can present challenges. Here are solutions for common problems associated with the use of the Full Length Sizing Die.
Stuck Cases
Stuck cases are among the most frustrating. Causes can range from insufficient or the wrong type of lube to a dirty die or, in some cases, a case that is severely out of spec. If a case gets stuck, don’t force it. Trying to extract a stuck case can cause permanent damage to the die or press. Special tools and techniques are available to safely remove the stuck case, but prevention is always better. Try using more lubricant, ensuring full coverage. If you encounter multiple stuck cases, it may be time to clean your die.
Dented Shoulders
Dented shoulders are another potential issue. This often happens because of the die set-up. Make sure your die is not set too far down. If you are experiencing shoulder dents, try adjusting the die, and making the body resizing a bit less aggressive.
Hard Extraction
Hard extraction can be caused by a number of things. This can often be the result of excessive shoulder bump, causing a tight fit in the chamber. Check your die setup. Ensure there is enough lubrication.
Improper Sizing
If the case is not resizing the case correctly, check the die adjustment and ensure the correct procedure is followed.
Picking the Right Option
Choosing the right Full Length Sizing Die depends on factors such as your caliber, the type of firearm, and your shooting needs. Reputable brands often offer reliable dies.
Firearm Type
Consider the type of firearm for which you are reloading. For semi-automatic rifles and firearms with tight tolerances, a Full Length Sizing Die is typically the best choice to ensure reliable function.
Brand Selection
Do some research and select a die from a reputable manufacturer. Some brands are known for producing high-quality and reliable dies that provide consistent results.
Safety Above All
Safety is paramount in reloading. Before starting any reloading process, always put on eye protection.
Apply proper lubrication to prevent stuck cases.
Inspect cases thoroughly before resizing, discarding any that are damaged.
Always adhere to the manufacturer’s instructions for the die and the reloading press. Never exceed recommended powder charges, and follow all safety guidelines.
Maintenance and Care
Maintaining your Full Length Sizing Die will extend its lifespan and ensure consistent performance.
Cleaning the Die
Clean the die regularly to remove any built-up residue or lube.
Storage
Store the die in a clean, dry place to protect it from corrosion.
Inspecting for Wear
Inspect the die for any wear and tear. If you notice any damage, such as scratches or gouges, it may be time to replace it.
Final Thoughts
The Full Length Sizing Die is an essential tool for reloaders, providing a crucial step in the reloading process. It’s a key to ensuring safety, reliability, and accuracy. By understanding its function, following proper procedures, and practicing safe reloading habits, you can maximize the benefits of using the Full Length Sizing Die and enjoy the satisfaction of producing your own high-quality ammunition.
Continuing Your Reloading Journey
We hope this guide has given you a solid foundation for the use of the Full Length Sizing Die. If you have specific questions, don’t hesitate to research further.
