Understanding the 45-70 and Scope Needs
The Power and Recoil of the 45-70
The venerable 45-70 lever action rifle is a classic for a reason. Its history is intertwined with the settling of the American West, and its powerful cartridge is still beloved by hunters and shooters alike. But even the most iconic rifle can be improved, and one of the most impactful upgrades is a quality scope. A scope significantly enhances the 45-70’s capabilities, allowing for more precise shots at longer ranges, improving target acquisition, and boosting overall confidence in the field. However, mounting a scope on a lever action rifle presents some unique challenges. Let’s dive into selecting the *best scope for 45-70 lever action rifle* to help you optimize your shooting experience.
The 45-70, often referred to as the “45-70 Government,” is a truly potent cartridge. Designed for the U.S. Army’s Springfield Model 1873 rifle, it quickly gained a reputation for stopping power and impressive downrange energy. The heavy bullets, typically ranging from 300 to 500 grains, deliver a substantial punch, making the 45-70 a great choice for hunting a wide variety of game, from whitetail deer and black bear to larger game like elk and moose. The cartridge’s trajectory, however, is relatively arc-like, particularly at longer distances. This calls for the ability to make elevation adjustments on your scope to compensate for bullet drop.
The recoil produced by the 45-70 is significant. This necessitates careful consideration when selecting a scope. A scope not built to withstand the punishment of this caliber can quickly break or lose its zero, rendering it useless. More importantly, the substantial kick can injure the shooter if the scope doesn’t have proper eye relief, which leads us to the first and paramount factor.
Eye Relief: The Most Critical Factor
Eye relief is the distance between the shooter’s eye and the ocular lens (the lens closest to your eye) of the scope where a full, clear sight picture is obtained. For a 45-70, ample eye relief is absolutely essential. The powerful recoil can easily drive the scope back into the shooter’s eye, causing painful injury and potentially ending a hunt. You need a scope with sufficient eye relief to provide a comfortable and safe shooting experience. Look for scopes with at least 3.5 inches of eye relief, and consider going even further, especially if you anticipate shooting at heavier bullet weights or from awkward positions. This consideration is crucial when determining the *best scope for 45-70 lever action rifle*.
Durability: Built to Withstand the Punishment
Besides eye relief, a scope’s durability is non-negotiable. The 45-70’s recoil will put significant stress on the scope’s internal components. Choose a scope manufactured with high-quality materials and designed to withstand the constant pounding. Look for scopes that are nitrogen-purged and sealed to be waterproof and fog-proof. This will protect the scope’s internals from moisture, dust, and temperature fluctuations, ensuring clear visibility in a variety of conditions.
Magnification: Finding the Right Balance
Magnification refers to how much the scope enhances the size of the target. The appropriate magnification level depends heavily on your intended use. For hunting in wooded areas or at relatively short ranges, lower magnification, such as 1-4x or 2-7x, is usually sufficient. It provides a wider field of view, making it easier to acquire moving targets. For longer-range shooting, or for hunting in open terrain, higher magnification, like 3-9x, 4-12x, or even higher, might be preferred. However, higher magnification narrows the field of view and can make it more challenging to find your target quickly. Consider your typical hunting scenarios when selecting a magnification range.
Objective Lens Size: Balancing Light and Bulk
The objective lens is the front lens of the scope, and its size impacts how much light the scope gathers. A larger objective lens, such as 40mm, 44mm, or 50mm, allows more light to enter, resulting in a brighter image, particularly in low-light conditions. This is extremely useful in early morning or late evening hunts. However, larger objective lenses also mean a larger, heavier scope, potentially impacting the rifle’s balance and handling. Consider the environmental needs you require to determine which size best fits. A smaller objective lens, like a 32mm or 36mm, can offer a good balance of light gathering and compactness, making it a good option for a lever action rifle, where overall balance and weight are often important.
Reticle Type: Choosing Your Sight Picture
The reticle is the pattern inside the scope that helps you aim. There are many reticle designs, each with its own advantages.
A simple Duplex reticle, featuring thick outer bars and thin inner crosshairs, is excellent for quick target acquisition in close to medium-range situations. It provides a clear aiming point and is easy to see in various lighting conditions.
A BDC (Bullet Drop Compensation) reticle has markings that correspond to different distances, allowing you to compensate for bullet drop at various ranges. These reticles are particularly useful for the 45-70’s trajectory, as they can provide a visual aid for making elevation adjustments.
Illuminated reticles, with a reticle that lights up, can significantly enhance visibility in low-light conditions.
Consider your shooting style and the typical ranges at which you hunt when choosing your reticle.
Mounting System: Ensuring a Secure Connection
Lever action rifles often require specialized mounting systems. Unlike bolt-action rifles, the lever action’s top is often obstructed by the ejection port. Common options include Weaver bases and Picatinny rails.
Weaver bases are a classic and widely available option. They provide a secure platform for mounting scopes. However, they often require a scope-specific ring height.
Picatinny rails are more versatile, as they are compatible with a wide range of scope rings and accessories. They provide multiple slots for adjusting scope position, offering more flexibility for eye relief.
Ensure the mount and rings are of high quality, properly installed, and securely tightened. This is crucial to maintaining the scope’s zero and ensuring accuracy. The choice of mounts is also a factor when finding the *best scope for 45-70 lever action rifle*.
Top Scope Recommendations for 45-70 Lever Action Rifles
Short to Medium Range Hunting
A scope with a focus on versatility and ease of use is ideal for this role.
Consider a scope that prioritizes quick target acquisition and a wide field of view. It’s an excellent choice for engaging targets at closer ranges.
Feature Highlights: This scope often offers a generous eye relief, a rugged construction that will endure recoil, and a simple, uncluttered reticle.
Advantages: This scope excels in close-quarters situations, providing a clear and bright image. Its low magnification facilitates rapid target acquisition.
Disadvantages: The lower magnification may limit effectiveness at longer distances.
Medium to Long Range Hunting
For hunters aiming for a bit more distance, a scope with increased magnification and a BDC reticle can be beneficial.
Focus on durability and precision, providing hunters with the means to accurately target game at a greater range.
Feature Highlights: Often includes higher magnification ranges, a rugged, shockproof design, and a BDC reticle calibrated for the 45-70.
Advantages: Provides enhanced accuracy at longer ranges and can simplify elevation adjustments.
Disadvantages: Higher magnification can reduce the field of view.
Red Dot / Reflex Sights for Close Quarters
If the hunt takes you to very close environments, then a red dot sight is an option.
Feature Highlights: Very short eye relief allows for extremely fast target acquisition.
Advantages: Compact, lightweight, and offers rapid target acquisition in close-range scenarios.
Disadvantages: Limited magnification and range capabilities.
Mounting and Setup Tips
Mounting Options
The mounting system must be sturdy and properly fitted to your rifle. Refer to the manufacturer’s instructions for the scope base and rings. Use a torque wrench to ensure that all screws are tightened to the correct specifications.
Eye Relief Adjustment
Proper eye relief is essential. Mount the scope on the rifle and assume your normal shooting position. Adjust the scope forward or backward until you have a full, clear sight picture, without seeing any dark edges or shadows.
Zeroing the Scope
Zeroing your scope means adjusting the reticle so that your point of aim corresponds to your point of impact at a specific distance. Start by setting up a target at a reasonable range, such as yards. Use sandbags or a solid rest to support the rifle. Fire a group of shots, and then make adjustments to the scope’s windage (left/right) and elevation (up/down) turrets until your shots are centered on the target. Repeat this process until your rifle is accurately zeroed.
Maintenance and Care
Keep your scope clean. Use a lens cleaning cloth to wipe away any dust, dirt, or fingerprints. Avoid using harsh chemicals. If the scope gets wet, dry it thoroughly before storing it. Check the mounting screws periodically to ensure they are secure.
Factors to Consider When Choosing a Scope
Budget
Scopes vary greatly in price, from a couple of hundred dollars to well over a thousand. Determine your budget and seek the best quality you can afford. Higher-priced scopes often incorporate better glass, more robust construction, and advanced features.
Hunting Environment
The terrain and the distances you typically hunt dictate your scope’s requirements. For dense woods, a lower-power scope with a wide field of view is best. For open plains or mountainous areas, a higher-power scope might be needed.
Personal Preferences
Consider your shooting style and preferences. Do you like a simple reticle or one with BDC markings? How important is low-light performance? Choose a scope that you are comfortable using.
Conclusion
Selecting the *best scope for 45-70 lever action rifle* is an important decision. Proper eye relief, durability, and appropriate magnification are critical for ensuring accuracy, safety, and a positive shooting experience. This guide has provided a framework for selecting a suitable scope for your rifle and environment. Remember to consider your specific needs and preferences when making your choice, and always prioritize quality and a secure mounting system. With the right scope, your 45-70 will become an even more versatile and effective hunting and shooting tool.
Frequently Asked Questions
What eye relief is best for a 45-70?
Aim for at least 3.5 inches of eye relief.
Can I use a scope with a low profile on my lever action?
It’s best to opt for a scope with sufficient clearance above the receiver to avoid interference with the lever.
How do I know if my scope can handle the recoil of the 45-70?
Check the scope’s specifications for recoil resistance. Scopes designed for larger calibers are generally a safe bet. Additionally, consider the manufacturer’s warranty.
What is the best magnification for a 45-70?
It depends on your shooting environment. For close-range hunting, consider lower magnifications. For longer ranges, choose a scope with a higher magnification range.
