What is an AR Side Charging Upper?
Introduction
The AR-15. It’s more than just a rifle; it’s a cornerstone of modern firearm design, a platform celebrated for its modularity and adaptability. From the battlefield to the range, this iconic rifle continues to evolve, with innovations emerging regularly. One such evolution has captured the attention of shooters seeking enhanced ergonomics and optic compatibility: the AR side charging upper. But what exactly is an AR side charging upper, and is it the right upgrade for your AR-15? This comprehensive guide will delve deep into the world of side charging uppers, exploring their benefits, drawbacks, and everything you need to know to make an informed decision.
The Standard AR-15 Charging Handle
Before we dive into the specifics, it’s crucial to understand the standard AR-15 charging handle. Typically, the AR-15 features a charging handle located at the rear of the upper receiver, directly above the bolt carrier group (BCG). This handle is pulled rearward to cycle the action, chambering a round from the magazine or clearing a malfunction. It’s a functional system, but it can present challenges, especially when using optics or accessories.
Defining the Side Charging Upper
An AR side charging upper, on the other hand, relocates the charging handle to the side of the upper receiver. This design innovation offers several advantages, the most immediate being enhanced ergonomics. Side charging uppers provide easier access to the charging handle, particularly for those who have mounted large scopes or other accessories that might obstruct the standard handle.
Types of Side Charging Mechanisms
The side charging mechanism itself comes in various designs. Some are reciprocating, meaning the charging handle moves back and forth with the BCG during cycling. Others are non-reciprocating, where the handle remains stationary during firing. The location of the handle itself varies. You can find side charging uppers with handles on the left, right, or even ambidextrous configurations, catering to both left-handed and right-handed shooters.
Advantages of an AR Side Charging Upper
Improved Ergonomics
One of the primary benefits of an AR side charging upper is improved ergonomics. Accessing the charging handle from the side can feel more natural, allowing shooters to quickly chamber a round or clear a malfunction without having to break their cheek weld or significantly adjust their grip. This is a considerable advantage in dynamic shooting scenarios, where speed and efficiency are paramount.
Enhanced Optics Compatibility
Optics compatibility is another significant benefit. Many shooters choose to equip their AR-15s with scopes, red dots, or other aiming devices. With a standard charging handle, these optics can sometimes interfere with access, requiring the shooter to reach over the optic to operate the handle. A side charging upper eliminates this issue entirely, providing ample clearance for optics of any size. This allows for greater flexibility in mounting optics and ensures smooth operation.
Reciprocating vs. Non-Reciprocating
The choice between reciprocating and non-reciprocating charging handles comes with its own set of considerations. Reciprocating handles move with the BCG, providing a tactile feel that some shooters prefer. They offer a direct connection, offering immediate feedback that your bolt is fully charged and ready. Non-reciprocating handles, on the other hand, remain stationary, which some shooters find more comfortable. They also tend to be less likely to snag on clothing or gear. The choice depends heavily on individual preference.
Tactical Advantages
While primarily focused on improved usability, AR side charging uppers may offer a marginal tactical advantage. For instance, with optics, the side charging handle may be easier to access while maintaining situational awareness. Additionally, some side charging uppers incorporate features that aid in clearing certain types of malfunctions more efficiently.
Drawbacks of an AR Side Charging Upper
Compatibility Challenges
While AR side charging uppers offer numerous benefits, they also come with potential drawbacks. One of the most significant is compatibility. Installing a side charging upper often requires more than just swapping the upper receiver. You may need a dedicated bolt carrier group (BCG) designed to interface with the side charging mechanism. This adds an extra cost to the upgrade. Ensure you research your chosen upper’s requirements thoroughly.
Durability Considerations
Durability is another consideration. The side charging mechanism adds another moving part to the system, introducing a potential point of failure. While many manufacturers utilize robust materials and designs, it’s crucial to choose a quality upper from a reputable brand. Research the reputation of the upper you’re considering, reading reviews and seeking out information from experienced shooters.
Cost Implications
Cost is a major factor. AR side charging uppers typically cost more than standard uppers, often significantly so. The additional manufacturing processes and specialized components required for their construction contribute to the higher price tag. Consider your budget when making your choice.
Training Requirements
Training is another thing to think about. Switching to an AR side charging upper requires an adjustment in muscle memory. Shooters familiar with the standard charging handle will need to retrain their hands to operate the side charging handle efficiently. This can take some practice, so be prepared to dedicate time to training and familiarization.
Choosing an AR Side Charging Upper
Key Selection Factors
Selecting the right AR side charging upper involves careful consideration of several factors.
The first, and perhaps most important, is the type of charging handle you prefer. Do you want a reciprocating or non-reciprocating system? Consider the pros and cons of each type based on the advantages discussed above.
Material and Construction
Material and construction are key. Look for uppers made from high-quality materials, such as aircraft-grade aluminum, to ensure durability. The finish should be resistant to wear and corrosion. Examine the overall construction to ensure it’s well-engineered and assembled. Research brand reputation.
Caliber Compatibility
Caliber compatibility is crucial. Ensure the upper is designed for the caliber you intend to use. AR-15 uppers are most commonly chambered in .223 Remington/5.56x45mm NATO, but you can also find them in other calibers such as .300 Blackout, 6.5 Grendel, and others.
Brand Reputation
Brand reputation matters. Choose a manufacturer with a proven track record of producing reliable and high-quality AR components. Look for brands that offer warranties and stand behind their products. Read reviews and feedback from other shooters.
Budget Planning
Price plays a big part in the equation. Set a realistic budget and compare different uppers within that price range. Factor in the cost of a compatible BCG, and any other accessories or tools you might need for installation.
Here are some of the well-known manufacturers for AR side charging uppers. It’s best to look into the product’s specific offerings to best fit your needs.
Installation and Maintenance
Installation and maintenance is another important area to research. Understand the installation process and any special tools required. Perform basic maintenance and cleaning according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
Comparing to Standard AR Uppers
Side-by-Side Comparison
The decision of whether to upgrade to an AR side charging upper ultimately comes down to individual needs and preferences. To help you decide, compare both styles.
Standard charging handle:
- Pros: Simpler, lower cost, more readily available, more familiar to many shooters.
- Cons: Can be more difficult to access with optics, potentially less ergonomic for some users.
Side charging upper:
- Pros: Enhanced ergonomics, improved optics compatibility, potential tactical advantages for some shooters, more natural charging motion for some.
- Cons: Higher cost, may require a dedicated BCG, potentially less durable than standard.
User Considerations
Consider your shooting style. If you regularly shoot with magnified optics or require rapid follow-up shots, the side charging upper might be the better choice. Consider what you use the AR for. Are you using it for range practice, competition, home defense, or tactical applications? Each use case may prioritize different features. Evaluate your budget. AR upgrades can become costly.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the AR side charging upper represents a significant advancement in the AR-15 platform, offering improved ergonomics and optic compatibility. However, it’s not a one-size-fits-all solution. Whether you choose an AR side charging upper depends on your personal preferences, shooting style, and budget. Weigh the benefits against the drawbacks, and carefully consider the factors discussed in this guide.
Final thoughts? If you prioritize speed, ease of access, and you often find yourself working with optics, an AR side charging upper could greatly improve your shooting experience. Research the models available, compare brands, and read reviews to find the best option for your needs. Whatever you choose, enjoy the process of upgrading and customizing your AR-15.
