Introduction
The crisp morning air, the rustling leaves, and the distant gobble – the symphony of a successful turkey hunt is a feeling unlike any other. The adrenaline spikes as you spot the magnificent bird, and your heart races as you prepare for the crucial shot. But before that moment of truth arrives, the right equipment is paramount. Among the most critical pieces of gear for any turkey hunter is the choke tube, the unsung hero that determines the effectiveness of your shotgun. And when it comes to a lighter, more maneuverable firearm, the 20 Gauge Turkey Choke becomes even more essential. This guide will walk you through everything you need to know to choose the perfect choke for your 20-gauge shotgun and elevate your turkey hunting game.
The 20-gauge shotgun has experienced a surge in popularity among turkey hunters. It offers a combination of reduced recoil, making it easier to handle and shoot accurately, especially for smaller-framed hunters or those new to the sport. Its lighter weight compared to its 12-gauge counterpart also makes it a comfortable companion during long days in the field. However, the smaller gauge necessitates careful consideration of the choke, as it plays a vital role in maximizing the effectiveness of the shot pattern and achieving a clean, ethical kill.
So, what is a choke? Essentially, it’s a constriction at the muzzle of your shotgun barrel. This constriction shapes the shot column as it leaves the barrel, influencing the spread of the pellets. By controlling the spread, the choke affects the pattern density and ultimately, the range and effectiveness of your shots. A well-chosen 20 Gauge Turkey Choke concentrates the pellets into a tight, lethal pattern at the distances you typically encounter turkeys.
Understanding Turkey Chokes
There are several types of choke tubes. Fixed chokes are built directly into the barrel and offer a consistent constriction. While reliable, they lack the flexibility of screw-in chokes. Screw-in chokes are far more common today, and with good reason. They allow you to swap out chokes based on your hunting needs, the type of shell you are using, and the distance to your target.
The level of constriction is expressed in terms of the choke’s designation. You’ll find a range of options, from open chokes with minimal constriction to those designed for very tight patterns. For turkey hunting, you’ll typically need something on the tighter end of the spectrum to create the dense patterns necessary to consistently harvest turkeys at reasonable ranges. Common choke designations for turkey hunting include:
- Full: This offers a fairly tight pattern.
- Extra Full: This provides a tighter pattern than Full.
- Super Full/Turkey: These chokes are specifically designed for turkey hunting, offering the tightest patterns. They are often considered the go-to choice for many turkey hunters using a 20 Gauge Turkey Choke.
The level of constriction directly influences the shot pattern and effective range. A tighter choke will result in a denser pattern, which translates to a higher probability of hitting vital organs and ensuring a clean kill at longer distances. A more open choke will spread the shot wider, making it suitable for closer ranges but reducing the effective range.
Material also plays a role in choke performance and durability. Most modern chokes are made from hardened steel, designed to withstand the pressure of firing shot. However, the quality of the steel can vary. Some chokes are made of stainless steel, which is more resistant to corrosion. Some manufacturers now offer chokes with special coatings or finishes to reduce fouling and further enhance durability.
When selecting a 20 Gauge Turkey Choke, the material should be considered as well. High-quality steel ensures longevity and consistent performance. Ensure the choke you choose is compatible with the types of shot you intend to use, particularly if you plan on shooting steel or other harder, specialized loads.
Factors to Consider When Choosing a 20 Gauge Turkey Choke
Choosing the right 20 Gauge Turkey Choke is more than just picking one off the shelf. There are several important factors to consider to ensure optimal performance in the field.
One of the first considerations is shotgun compatibility. Make sure the choke you choose fits your specific 20-gauge shotgun model. Screw-in chokes come in various thread patterns. Double-check the manufacturer’s recommendations or consult a gunsmith to ensure you get the correct one for your firearm. Trying to force a choke that doesn’t fit can damage both the choke and the barrel.
The choice of shotshell is also crucial. Turkey loads are designed to deliver a high pellet count and consistent patterns. The type of shot (e.g., lead, copper-plated lead, tungsten) will affect the pattern and performance, and it may also impact the choke’s longevity. Heavier-than-lead (HTL) shot materials like tungsten, bismuth, or Hevi-Shot can often produce tighter patterns than lead, but they can also be harder on some chokes. Consult the choke and ammunition manufacturers for recommended pairings.
Patterning your shotgun is absolutely essential. This is the process of shooting at a target at a specific distance to determine the density and spread of the shot pattern. Patterning allows you to see how your chosen choke and ammunition combination performs with your specific gun. The best 20 Gauge Turkey Choke is the one that delivers the most consistent and dense pattern at the distance you expect to be shooting turkeys.
To pattern your gun, set up a large target (a piece of cardboard or paper is fine). Measure the distance you intend to shoot at typically. Aim at the center of the target and fire a shot. Examine the pattern, paying attention to the density of the pellets within a circle (typically of a set diameter, such as inches) at the center of the pattern. Ideally, you want the majority of the pellets to be concentrated in a tight area, and you want the pattern to be evenly distributed. If the pattern is too sparse, you may need a tighter choke. If it’s too dense, you may have to adjust your shell choice, or a slightly more open choke.
The typical terrain and hunting distances in your area will also influence your choice. If you hunt in heavily wooded areas where shots are typically taken at close range, a less restrictive choke might be adequate. However, if you hunt open fields or anticipate longer shots, a tighter choke is necessary to ensure sufficient pattern density at those longer distances. Consider your typical hunting scenario when making your selection.
Finally, your budget is a factor. Turkey chokes come in a variety of price points, ranging from economical options to high-end models. The price is often influenced by the materials used, the manufacturing processes, and the brand name. While more expensive chokes are not always necessarily better, they often utilize better materials and offer tighter tolerances, which can translate into more consistent patterns. Decide how much you are willing to spend and choose the best choke that fits within your budget while still meeting your hunting needs.
Recommended 20 Gauge Turkey Chokes
Now that we’ve covered the important factors, let’s delve into some recommended 20 Gauge Turkey Choke options. Note that specific recommendations and availability may vary, so it’s always wise to research and check with your local retailers or online gun stores.
Option 1:
This is a popular and effective 20 Gauge Turkey Choke known for its consistent and tight patterns. It’s designed to work well with a variety of turkey loads, including lead, and it has a reputation for being a great performer. This choke is often made from stainless steel to ensure durability and resistance to corrosion. This choke tends to be priced in the mid-range, providing excellent value for its performance. The advantage of this choke is its versatility. The possible drawback is it may not be available for every 20-gauge shotgun model.
Option 2:
This choke is known for producing extremely tight and dense patterns, making it ideal for those hunters who often take shots at longer distances. It’s designed to work with various high-performance turkey loads, including tungsten-based shotshells, but check the manufacturer’s recommendations. This choke is typically built from high-grade steel with advanced porting to reduce recoil and promote better pattern consistency. Pricing is generally toward the higher end. The positive is the tight pattern. The negative could be the price.
Option 3:
This option is a reliable and affordable 20 Gauge Turkey Choke that provides solid performance at a reasonable price. Although it may not have all of the features of the higher-end models, it still offers a substantial improvement over a factory choke. They are usually made from durable steel. This could be a good option for new turkey hunters or those who are looking for a more economical choice. The advantage here is the cost. The disadvantage would be the performance is not quite as tight as some higher-end options.
No matter which choke you select, remember to take the time to pattern your shotgun with your chosen ammunition to find the combination that delivers the best results for your specific hunting needs.
Tips for Using Your Turkey Choke
Once you’ve chosen and mounted your 20 Gauge Turkey Choke, it’s important to understand how to use it effectively.
Proper cleaning and maintenance are key to maintaining the performance of your choke. After each use, disassemble your choke from the barrel. Clean it with a solvent to remove any powder residue or debris. Use a brush to scrub away any build-up inside the choke and on the threads. Apply a light coat of gun oil to prevent corrosion. By caring for your choke, you extend its lifespan and ensure consistent performance season after season.
It’s also important to practice proper shooting techniques for turkey hunting. This includes knowing your effective range, aiming at the turkey’s head and neck area, and considering the angle of your shot. Remember, a tight pattern is designed for precise shots, so try to get as close as possible to the bird for a cleaner and more humane kill.
Above all else, safety is paramount. Always follow safe gun-handling practices. Be aware of your surroundings, know your target and what’s beyond it, and never point your firearm at anything you are not willing to destroy. Use eye and ear protection when shooting.
Conclusion
In conclusion, choosing the right 20 Gauge Turkey Choke is a critical step in maximizing your chances of a successful turkey hunt. Consider the factors outlined in this guide—shotgun compatibility, shell selection, patterning, distance, and budget—to make an informed decision. By selecting the right choke, patterning your shotgun, and practicing safe gun handling, you’ll be well-equipped to take on the challenge of turkey hunting.
Remember, the gobble of a tom turkey is a sound that resonates with hunters across the country. With the right gear, patience, and a little bit of luck, you too can experience the thrill of a successful hunt.
Many different options are available when choosing a 20 Gauge Turkey Choke, and proper research can lead to more successful hunts.
