The Ballistic Duel
Understanding the performance of a cartridge starts with its ballistics. This involves examining the bullet’s weight, velocity, energy, and trajectory. Let’s begin by examining the performance of the 5.7x28mm round.
The Characteristics of the 5.7x28mm
The 5.7×28 was initially developed by FN Herstal as a cartridge for their P90 submachine gun and Five-seveN pistol. Its primary aim was to offer superior penetration compared to 9mm rounds, particularly against body armor, while maintaining manageable recoil. Common bullet weights typically range from around forty to sixty grains. Muzzle velocities are high, often exceeding 1700 feet per second (fps) for many factory loads, resulting in a respectable amount of energy.
The trajectory of the 5.7×28 is relatively flat, especially over shorter and medium distances. This flatness can lead to greater accuracy, particularly when engaging targets at varying ranges, as the shooter needs to make less compensation for bullet drop. However, it’s important to consider that penetration is influenced by bullet type and construction. Some loads are designed to fragment upon impact to transfer energy and reduce over-penetration, while others are engineered to penetrate various barriers, offering a versatile range of choices. The potential for over-penetration in self-defense scenarios should be kept in mind, which underscores the importance of selecting the correct ammunition for your specific application.
The .22 TCM Unveiled
The .22 TCM (Tuason Craig Micromagnum) is a more recent development, born from a collaboration between Rock Island Armory and Fred Craig. This cartridge is essentially a bottlenecked .22 caliber bullet, designed to be extremely fast and flat-shooting. Its primary focus is on delivering high velocity for increased effective range and enhanced downrange energy. The .22 TCM often uses a forty-grain bullet, although other grain weights are available.
The defining feature of the .22 TCM is its exceptional velocity. Many factory loads will produce muzzle velocities in excess of 2000 fps, making this one of the fastest production handgun cartridges. This translates into a very flat trajectory. Shooters experience significantly reduced bullet drop, making it easier to hit targets at extended ranges. Its energy delivery downrange, especially at longer distances, is impressive. The higher velocity contributes to good expansion potential and a larger temporary wound cavity.
A Comparative View
When comparing the two cartridges directly, significant differences emerge. The .22 TCM generally boasts a higher muzzle velocity and often more energy, especially at longer ranges, thanks to its higher initial speed. The 5.7×28, on the other hand, provides a flatter trajectory at shorter distances and often presents lower recoil.
The trajectory of the 5.7×28 is flat, but the .22 TCM is even flatter, given its higher velocities. The advantage of the .22 TCM’s flat trajectory really shines at distances where bullet drop becomes a major factor.
Penetration varies depending on the bullet construction. Both cartridges can penetrate significantly. Many test results are available online that can help you get a better understanding of how each of these bullets performs.
Firearms and Their Availability
The firearm platform is another key consideration. The choice of firearms available for each cartridge plays a significant role in its overall appeal.
The Platform Choices for the 5.7x28mm
The 5.7×28 is primarily associated with two main platforms. First, the FN Five-seveN pistol, the original firearm designed for the round, remains highly sought after. It is often praised for its ergonomic design and high-capacity magazine. Second, the Ruger-57 pistol and carbine rifle have gained popularity, offering shooters a wider range of options with this caliber. The Ruger-57 is a lightweight, accurate pistol that is well-suited for various applications, ranging from range plinking to self-defense.
Rifles chambered in 5.7×28 give you some added benefit because of the increased sight radius, and typically, a higher muzzle velocity.
The Platforms Available for the .22 TCM
The .22 TCM story is a bit different. The initial launch of the round was spearheaded by Rock Island Armory, which developed pistols and rifles chambered for the cartridge. The availability of firearms is somewhat less extensive compared to the 5.7×28.
The .22 TCM can sometimes be found in firearms that can also be adapted to fire other rounds. Some versions are designed to be convertible to the .223 Remington cartridge by simply switching the barrel and sometimes the bolt face.
Comparing the Firearms Landscape
The 5.7×28 has a slight edge in terms of platform availability due to the presence of the Ruger-57, offering a more diverse range of guns to choose from. The ergonomics and handling of the firearms vary. The Five-seveN is known for its distinctive shape and comfortable grip, while the Ruger-57 offers a more traditional design. The aftermarket support and accessories tend to be more abundant for the 5.7×28, especially for the more widely distributed models.
The cost of the firearms is also a factor. While this can fluctuate with market conditions, generally, the Five-seveN is more expensive than some of the .22 TCM options available.
Practical Scenarios and Their Suitability
The best cartridge depends heavily on the intended use. From self-defense to hunting, each round shines in specific scenarios.
The Applications of the 5.7x28mm
The 5.7×28 finds use in self-defense. Its high velocity contributes to effective energy transfer and manageable recoil, making it easier to shoot accurately. However, the potential for over-penetration should be carefully considered when selecting the appropriate ammunition. It is well-suited for target shooting, with many shooters appreciating its flat trajectory and light recoil. Hunters can utilize the 5.7×28 to harvest smaller game. While not a powerhouse, the round can be effective on animals such as coyotes, depending on the loads, at reasonable distances.
The Practical Uses of the .22 TCM
The .22 TCM, with its extreme velocity, is also suitable for self-defense. The flat trajectory of the round and high velocity contribute to enhanced effective range, but, like the 5.7×28, careful consideration must be given to the potential for over-penetration. It is an excellent choice for target shooting, particularly at longer ranges, where the flat trajectory offers an advantage. Hunters often choose the .22 TCM for harvesting varmints and small game.
Applying Cartridges to Different Scenarios
The best cartridge depends on the intended application. The 5.7×28 is a balanced option for self-defense and target shooting. The .22 TCM, thanks to its higher velocity, is a better choice for long-range shooting.
Legal restrictions regarding hunting may vary depending on the jurisdiction.
Availability and Cost of Ammunition
The availability and cost of ammunition are critical factors for any shooter.
Amunition Landscape for the 5.7x28mm
Factory ammunition for the 5.7×28 is generally available, though not quite as ubiquitous as common pistol calibers. A variety of bullet types are offered, including full metal jacket (FMJ) rounds, hollow points, and other specialty loads. The cost of ammunition tends to be higher than 9mm or .45 ACP. Reloading components are readily available for the 5.7×28, opening up a world of customization and cost savings for reloaders.
The Ammunition Perspective of the .22 TCM
Factory ammunition for the .22 TCM is available, though less readily available than the 5.7×28. The cost of the ammunition tends to be higher than that of the 5.7×28. Reloading is a viable option, although the availability of reloading components might be somewhat more limited than for more common calibers.
An Analytical Comparison
The ease of finding ammunition for the 5.7×28 is usually more convenient. The cost of ammunition favors the 5.7×28, but reloading can potentially lower the overall cost.
Weighing the Advantages and Disadvantages
Before making a decision, it’s crucial to weigh the pros and cons of each cartridge.
Strengths and Weaknesses of the 5.7x28mm
The advantages of the 5.7×28 include its good penetration with some loads, low recoil, and its availability. Potential drawbacks are the cost of ammunition, more limited bullet options than other common calibers, and the possibility of over-penetration in some self-defense situations.
Benefits and Challenges of the .22 TCM
The .22 TCM’s strengths include its very high velocity, flat trajectory, impressive energy at distance, and versatility due to its ability to be used in some guns with simple caliber changes. The challenges include higher recoil, which might require more practice to master, the potential for over-penetration, and generally the higher cost of ammunition.
Final Thoughts and Suggestions
Both the 5.7×28 and the .22 TCM are intriguing options for the modern shooter. Each cartridge offers unique characteristics and benefits.
The 5.7×28 provides a balanced approach, with generally good ballistics, and a strong base of supporting firearms and ammunition. The .22 TCM, on the other hand, delivers an exhilarating experience with its unmatched velocity, making it suitable for those looking for extreme long-range performance.
Selecting the right cartridge comes down to personal needs and preferences. If you are looking for a versatile cartridge, the 5.7×28 might be your best bet. If you are interested in long-range precision or a flat trajectory, the .22 TCM may be more aligned with your goals.
No matter which cartridge you choose, be sure to prioritize safe gun handling and practice regularly. Consider factors like ammunition availability, cost, and the availability of the firearms for these rounds.
We encourage you to research further, handle both firearms, and find what works for you. What do you think? Share your experiences in the comments section.
