Understanding the Threats to Ammo
Moisture: The Enemy of Ammo
Perhaps the most significant threat to ammunition is moisture. High humidity or even contact with water can severely impact the primer and propellant within a cartridge. Over time, moisture can cause corrosion on the brass casings, leading to rust and eventual failure. Even a small amount of moisture can cause the gunpowder to degrade, resulting in inconsistent ballistics, reduced muzzle velocity, and even a misfire.
To combat this, the core of any effective ammo storage plan must incorporate strategies to control moisture. This might include employing desiccant packs in your storage containers and choosing locations with consistently low humidity.
Temperature: Managing the Heat and Cold
While ammunition is generally designed to withstand a range of temperatures, extreme fluctuations can cause problems. Excessive heat can cause the gunpowder to degrade more quickly, potentially impacting its burn rate and the overall performance of the round. In rare instances, extremely high temperatures can even lead to a catastrophic failure within the cartridge.
Conversely, very cold temperatures, while less immediately damaging, can alter the ballistics. Although freezing won’t render ammunition completely useless, it can make it function less effectively. The optimal range for storing ammunition is a consistently moderate temperature, avoiding both extreme heat and frigid cold.
Sunlight and UV Radiation: Protecting from the Light
Direct sunlight and, more specifically, the ultraviolet (UV) radiation within sunlight, can also damage ammunition. UV rays can break down the components of the cartridge, including the powder and potentially the primer. Long-term exposure to sunlight can lead to the degradation of the propellant and the overall structural integrity of the round.
Therefore, it’s crucial to store your ammunition in a dark environment, away from direct sunlight. This will help preserve the integrity of the ammunition and maintain its performance over time.
Physical Damage: Handling with Care
Physical damage is another factor to consider when storing ammunition. Impacts, crushing, and rough handling can all potentially damage the rounds. Even if the exterior appears intact, internal damage can impact the primer and/or gunpowder, affecting performance.
Avoid dropping ammunition or storing it in a location where it could be subjected to physical stress. Carefully handle your ammunition during storage and transport. Choose robust storage containers that provide protection against impacts.
Storage Location Considerations
Choosing the Right Place
The ideal storage location should be easily accessible, allowing you to retrieve the ammunition when needed, but also sufficiently secure to prevent unauthorized access. It should also be climate-controlled, maintaining a relatively consistent temperature and humidity. Additionally, the location should be away from potential hazards, such as flammable materials.
Areas to Avoid
Certain areas of your home or property should be strictly avoided for ammunition storage. Attics and garages, for example, tend to experience significant temperature fluctuations throughout the year, potentially damaging the ammunition. Basements often have higher humidity levels, making them unsuitable for long-term storage. Proximity to heat sources or flammable materials presents an obvious safety risk.
Best Places to Store Ammunition
The best locations for storing ammunition are cool, dry, and dark spaces. A climate-controlled room, or a dedicated storage area within your home, is often an excellent choice. A secure gun safe or dedicated ammo storage container in a closet or a less frequently accessed room provides an added layer of security.
Best Storage Containers and Materials
Ammo Cans: A Trusted Choice
Ammo cans, originally designed for military use, are a popular and highly effective storage option. They are typically constructed from durable metal, making them resistant to physical damage. They also provide excellent moisture resistance, particularly when sealed properly. Ammo cans are stackable, which maximizes storage space.
Plastic Storage Boxes: An Affordable Option
Plastic storage boxes offer an alternative to ammo cans, providing an affordable and versatile solution. Choose a box made of sturdy, high-quality plastic that’s sealed, or at least has a tightly fitting lid. Look for containers that are airtight to reduce moisture intrusion. The main advantage is the lower price point, and transparency in some containers is helpful for quickly identifying the contents.
Cabinets and Shelving: Organising and Accessibility
For larger collections of ammunition, cabinets and shelving provide an excellent method for organization and accessibility. Ensure that shelves are strong enough to bear the weight of the ammunition. If children are present in the home, consider securing the cabinets to prevent them from tipping over and to maintain proper safety.
Materials to Avoid
Certain materials are less than ideal for storing ammunition. Cardboard boxes, for instance, can absorb moisture and are susceptible to pest infestations. Plastic bags, while seemingly convenient, can trap moisture and might generate static electricity, which can be potentially dangerous.
Preventing and Addressing Moisture
Desiccants: Absorbing Excess Humidity
Desiccants, such as silica gel or clay desiccants, are moisture-absorbing agents. They absorb excess moisture from the air within the storage container, keeping the ammunition dry. Desiccants are relatively inexpensive and readily available. Place desiccant packs within your ammo cans or storage boxes. It’s essential to monitor the desiccant and replace or recharge it periodically. Many desiccant packs have indicators that change color when they are saturated with moisture.
Monitoring Humidity: Staying Informed
Using a hygrometer to monitor humidity levels within your storage area is a good practice. The ideal humidity level for ammo storage is generally considered to be between 35% and 50%. If the humidity consistently exceeds this range, you need to take steps to address the moisture issue, possibly using a dehumidifier or relocating your storage.
Handling Wet Ammunition
If, despite your best efforts, ammunition becomes wet, take immediate action. First, remove the wet ammunition from the container. Inspect the ammunition for signs of corrosion. If the casings show significant corrosion, dispose of the ammunition responsibly. If the ammunition is not heavily corroded, allow it to dry completely in a well-ventilated area before attempting to use it. Test the ammunition under controlled conditions at the range, while wearing appropriate safety equipment, to verify that it functions correctly. Consider professional advice if you are unsure.
Organization and Inventory Management
Labeling: Clear and Accurate
Clearly labeling your ammunition is essential for easy identification. Include details such as the caliber, bullet weight, bullet type, and the date of purchase on each container. Use clear and permanent labels.
Inventory Tracking: Knowing What You Have
Keeping track of your ammunition inventory can be beneficial in several ways. It allows you to monitor the quantities of ammunition you have on hand, helping you manage your supplies. It also helps you identify which rounds you need to replenish, and helps you identify older rounds to use first. You can use a notebook, a spreadsheet, or specialized software for inventory tracking.
Rotation of Stock: The FIFO Method
Employing a First-In, First-Out (FIFO) system is essential for ammunition storage. Rotate your stock, using the oldest ammunition first. This helps to ensure that the ammunition is used before it degrades.
Safety Practices
Keep Ammo Separate from Firearms
It’s crucial to store ammunition separately from your firearms. This measure helps prevent accidental shootings. Store your ammunition in a locked container, and your firearms in a separate, locked safe.
Child Safety: Protecting Young People
Children are naturally curious, and ammunition can pose a significant risk if it falls into the wrong hands. Ensure that all ammunition is stored securely, out of reach of children. Educate children about the dangers of firearms and ammunition, and always supervise them around firearms.
Safe Handling: Preventing Accidents
Always handle ammunition with care. Avoid dropping rounds or storing them in locations where they might be subjected to physical stress. Treat all ammunition as if it is loaded and ready to fire. Always be aware of your surroundings when handling ammunition.
Conclusion
Storing ammunition safely and effectively is a crucial responsibility for any gun owner. This guide has outlined the best practices to protect your ammunition from the damaging effects of moisture, temperature, and physical damage. Understanding these threats, choosing the right storage location, and implementing proper storage containers and inventory practices is essential. Remember that proper storage is about safety, the longevity of your rounds, and responsible firearm ownership.
Remember to always prioritize safety. This information is for educational purposes only and should not be considered professional advice. It’s important to be familiar with all local laws and regulations regarding ammunition storage.
